By Sapna 
Every year on November 26, India celebrates Samvidhan Divas, also known as Constitution Day, to commemorate the adoption of the Indian Constitution. This day holds immense significance as it marks the cornerstone of India’s democratic framework and serves as a reminder of the nation’s commitment to justice, equality, and liberty.
Historical Significance
On November 26, 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India formally adopted the Constitution, which came into effect on January 26, 1950, paving the way for India to become a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic. The adoption of the Constitution was the result of nearly three years of meticulous drafting, led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the chairman of the Drafting Committee, along with other prominent members such as Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, and Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer.
Objectives of Samvidhan Divas
Samvidhan Divas was first observed in 2015, declared by the Government of India to honor the 125th birth anniversary of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the principal architect of the Constitution. The day aims to:
- Promote awareness about the values and principles enshrined in the Constitution.
- Encourage reflection on the duties and rights of citizens.
- Celebrate the contributions of the visionaries who shaped the nation.
The Constitution of India: A Living Document
The Indian Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world, with 470 articles divided into 25 parts and 12 schedules. It embodies the aspirations of a diverse population, ensuring fundamental rights, directive principles, and a balance of powers between the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
Its salient features include:
- Secularism: Ensuring freedom of religion for all citizens.
- Democracy: Providing universal adult suffrage.
- Federalism: Balancing powers between the central and state governments.
- Judicial Independence: Safeguarding justice for all.
Celebrations and Observances
On Samvidhan Divas, various events are organized across the country, including:
- Preamble Reading: Institutions and government offices read the Preamble to reinforce its values.
- Educational Programs: Schools and colleges conduct debates, quizzes, and essay competitions to spread constitutional awareness.
- Tributes: Tributes are paid to Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and other members of the Constituent Assembly.
- Parliament Sessions: Special sessions are often held to discuss the relevance of constitutional principles in contemporary governance.
Importance in Modern Times
As India continues to evolve, Samvidhan Divas serves as a reminder of the resilience and adaptability of the Constitution. It underscores the need to uphold the rule of law, address socio-economic disparities, and foster inclusivity. In an era of rapid globalization and technological advancements, the principles enshrined in the Constitution remain a guiding light for India’s progress.
Conclusion
Samvidhan Divas is not just a celebration but a call to action for every Indian to honor the legacy of the Constitution. By embracing its principles and fulfilling our duties as responsible citizens, we contribute to building a stronger, more equitable nation. On this day, let us reaffirm our commitment to the values of democracy, justice, and equality that define the spirit of India.